Terraform Infrastructure as Code: Beginner's GuideTerraform 基础设施即代码入门：用代码管理云资源

Terraform Infrastructure as Code: Beginner's Guide

Terraform is HashiCorp's infrastructure as code (IaC) tool, supporting all major cloud platforms.

1. Installation

# macOS
brew install terraform
terraform version
terraform init    # Initialize project
terraform plan    # Preview changes
terraform apply   # Apply changes
terraform destroy # Destroy resources

2. First Configuration

terraform {
  required_providers {
    aws = {
      source  = "hashicorp/aws"
      version = "~> 5.0"
    }
  }
}

provider "aws" {
  region = "us-east-1"
}

resource "aws_instance" "web" {
  ami           = "ami-0c55b159cbfafe1f0"
  instance_type = "t2.micro"
  tags = { Name = "WebServer" }
}

3. Core Concepts

4. State Management

Remote state storage is best practice:

terraform {
  backend "s3" {
    bucket = "my-terraform-state"
    key    = "prod/terraform.tfstate"
    region = "us-east-1"
  }
}

5. Variables and Outputs

# variables.tf
variable "instance_type" {
  description = "EC2 instance type"
  type        = string
  default     = "t2.micro"
}

# outputs.tf
output "instance_ip" {
  value = aws_instance.web.public_ip
}